LAB TEST
Pap test
The Pap test mainly checks for changes that may turn into cervical cancer . Cells scraped from the opening of the cervix are examined under a microscope. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb) that opens at the top of the vagina. This test is sometimes called a Pap "smear" or "cervical cytology."
How the Test is Performed
You lie on a table and place your feet in footrests. Your health care provider gently inserts an instrument called a speculum into your vagina to open it slightly. This allows your provider to see your cervix. Cells are gently collected from your cervix. The sample of cells is sent to a lab for examination.
How to Prepare for the Test
Tell your provider if you: Have had an abnormal Pap test or a positive human papillomavirus (HPV) test in the past. HPV is a virus that causes genital warts and cervical cancer. Might be pregnant. DO NOT do the following for 24 hours before the test: Douche (douching should never be done) Have intercourse Use tampons…
How the Test will Feel
A Pap test causes only mild discomfort for most people. The discomfort it causes is usually similar to menstrual cramps. You may also feel some pressure during the exam. You may bleed a little bit after the test.
Why the Test is Performed
The Pap test looks for changes in cervical cells that may turn into cervical cancer. Most cervical cancers can be avoided if you have screenings according to the recommended schedule. Experts disagree about when and how often screening tests for cervical cancer should be done, including Pap tests. Some recommend…
Normal Results
A normal result means there are no abnormal cells present. The Pap test is not 100% accurate, and this is why repeat testing is recommended over time. Because cervical cancer develops very slowly, repeat Pap tests usually find changes in time for treatment before cancer develops.
What Abnormal Results Mean
The most common abnormal Pap test results are: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) This test result is considered a mild change. These changes may be due to an HPV infection, inflammation, or lack of estrogen as occurs in menopause. Repeat Pap testing or HPV testing is recommended. If an HPV…
References
Fontham ETH, Wolf AMD, Church TR, et al. Cervical cancer screening for individuals at average risk: 2020 guideline update from the American Cancer Society. CA Cancer J Clin . 2020;70(5):321-346. PMID: 32729638 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32729638/ . Newkirk GR. Pap smear and related techniques for cervical cancer…
This is a summary. Read the full article at www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org (reviewed 01/01/2023).
This page is general information and is not medical advice. It does not replace a registered doctor, and it is not a prescription or a recommendation to use any medicine or test. Prices are listed prices and may change. Always follow the advice of your doctor or pharmacist.